{"id":1661544,"date":"2025-09-24T07:12:55","date_gmt":"2025-09-24T06:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/?p=1661544"},"modified":"2025-09-24T07:12:55","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T06:12:55","slug":"healthcare-associated-infections-and-use-of-antimicrobials-in-long-term-care-facilities-halt-studies-halt-4-reports-published2023-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/healthcare-associated-infections-and-use-of-antimicrobials-in-long-term-care-facilities-halt-studies-halt-4-reports-published2023-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"Healthcare-associated infections and use of antimicrobials in long-term care facilities (HALT studies): HALT-4 reports published(2023-2024)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1661100\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ecdc-01-750x1060.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"1060\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ecdc-01-750x1060.jpg 750w, http:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ecdc-01-725x1024.jpg 725w, http:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ecdc-01-768x1085.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ecdc-01-228x322.jpg 228w, http:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ecdc-01-42x60.jpg 42w, http:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ecdc-01.jpg 789w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span class=\"s1\">Belgium : <\/span><span class=\"s1\">National report 2023-2024 (in Dutch or French)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Abstract<\/b><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\">La quatri\u00e8me \u00e9tude de pr\u00e9valence ponctuelle dans les institutions de long s\u00e9jour (HALT-4), men\u00e9e en 2023-2024 en Belgique, s\u2019inscrivait dans un projet europ\u00e9en coordonn\u00e9 par Sciensano en collaboration avec le centre europ\u00e9en de pr\u00e9vention et de contr\u00f4le des maladies (ECDC). L\u2019objectif principal de cette \u00e9tude \u00e9tait de mesurer la pr\u00e9valence des infections actives li\u00e9es aux soins et l\u2019usage des antimicrobiens syst\u00e9miques dans les institutions de soins de long s\u00e9jour. Un total de 79 institutions ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude, couvrant 8 816 r\u00e9sidents et patients \u00e9ligibles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\">Soixante-neuf maisons de repos (et de soins) (MR(S)) ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude HALT-4. Parmi elles, 35 MR(S) (50,7%) se trouvent en Flandre, dont 33 MR(S) ont pris part \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude \u00e0 l\u2019automne 2023 et deux MR(S) au printemps 2024. En Wallonie, 30 MR(S) (43,5%) ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude, deux MR(S) lors de l\u2019automne 2023 et 28 lors du printemps 2024. A Bruxelles, les quatre MR(S) (5,8%) ont particip\u00e9 lors du printemps 2024.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\">Plus de la moiti\u00e9 des r\u00e9sidents \u00e9ligibles (59,4%) \u00e9taient \u00e2g\u00e9s de plus de 85 ans et 28,0% \u00e9taient des hommes. Ils \u00e9taient majoritairement d\u00e9sorient\u00e9s dans le temps et\/ou l\u2019espace (57,9%) et incontinents (pour les urines et\/ou pour les selles) (66,5%).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\">Les soins g\u00e9n\u00e9raux \u00e9taient assur\u00e9s par des m\u00e9decins traitants dans 63,8% des MR(S), par une combinaison de m\u00e9decins internes et traitants dans 34,8%, ou uniquement par des m\u00e9decins internes dans une MR(S) (1,4%). Presque toutes (97,1%) disposaient d\u2019un m\u00e9decin coordinateur et conseiller (MCC). En ce qui concerne les ressources en pr\u00e9vention et contr\u00f4le des infections (PCI), 72,5% des MR(S) avaient au moins une personne form\u00e9e, principalement des infirmiers, et parfois des m\u00e9decins. La formation en hygi\u00e8ne des mains avait \u00e9t\u00e9 dispens\u00e9e dans 58,0% des MR(S), ciblant principalement les infirmiers et le personnel param\u00e9dical.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\">La pr\u00e9valence moyenne et m\u00e9diane des infections actives li\u00e9es aux soins chez les r\u00e9sidents \u00e9tait respectivement de 2,5% et 1,6%. Un total de 178 infections ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rapport\u00e9es. Les infections les plus courantes \u00e9taient les infections des voies respiratoires (42,7%), les infections des voies urinaires (35,4%) et les infections de la peau (12,9%).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\">La pr\u00e9valence m\u00e9diane des r\u00e9sidents recevant au moins un antimicrobien syst\u00e9mique \u00e9tait de 3,8%. Un total de 347 agents antimicrobiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rapport\u00e9s. Au total, 64,0% des traitements antimicrobiens syst\u00e9miques \u00e9taient administr\u00e9s de fa\u00e7on th\u00e9rapeutique. Une date de fin ou de r\u00e9vision \u00e9tait connue pour 61,7 % des antimicrobiens. Pour les traitements prophylactiques, la date de fin ou de r\u00e9vision n\u2019\u00e9tait connue que dans 11,2%, contre 90,1% pour les m\u00e9dicaments prescrits \u00e0 des fins th\u00e9rapeutiques. Les antimicrobiens syst\u00e9miques majoritairement prescrits \u00e9taient toujours les antibiotiques (J01 ; 97,4%). Les trois premi\u00e8res sous-cat\u00e9gories prescrites \u00e9taient les \u00ab autres antibact\u00e9riens \u00bb (J01X; 34,3% &#8211; en particulier la fosfomycine et la nitrofuranto\u00efne), les \u00ab b\u00eata-lactames, p\u00e9nicillines \u00bb (J01C; 28,7% &#8211; en particulier l\u2019amoxicilline\/acide clavulanique) et les \u00ab macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramines \u00bb (J01F, 14,5% &#8211; en particulier l\u2019azithromycine).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Conclusions<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\">The fourth PPS (HALT-4) had in part limited participation of LTCFs at national and local levels, often due to lack of resources of national teams to focus on HAIs and antimicrobial use in LTCFs. However, participation in the PPS was good (18 EU\/EEA countries participated) with most participating countries achieving at least good representativeness. Most of the countries performed the PPS using the ECDC standardised methodology, including the most recent protocol updates, contributing to the robustness of the results. The results of the PPS indicate that it is essential to strengthen IPC in LTCFs by ensuring core competencies for IPC professionals, allocating adequate resources for IPC programmes, implementing robust quality control and surveillance systems, developing comprehensive guidelines, and promoting awareness and training activities. Future actions should include further training for LTCF staff, prioritising hand disinfection with alcohol-based hand rub and standardised monitoring of HAIs and antimicrobial use, especially with PPSs. Additionally, collaboration of national authorities to collect and maintain comprehensive registries of LTCFs and their population is essential to improve understanding and comparability of long-term care systems across Europe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Pour en savoir plus<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\">European report 2023-2024(link is external) (including results for Belgium) : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/PPS-HAI-AMR-LCTF.pdf\">https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/PPS-HAI-AMR-LCTF.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"pdf24Plugin-cp\"> \t<form name=\"pdf24Form0\" method=\"post\" target=\"pdf24PopWin\" action=\"https:\/\/doc2pdf.pdf24.org\/wordpress.php\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"blogCharset\" value=\"Cw1x07UAAA==\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"blogPosts\" value=\"MwQA\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"blogUrl\" value=\"yygpKSi20tcvLy\/Xy8svzs\/MS8vXS0rVh7GLAQ==\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"blogName\" value=\"8\/MP9lfw9HPzBwA=\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"blogValueEncoding\" value=\"gzdeflate base64\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"blogDocHeader\" value=\"AwA=\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"blogDocSize\" value=\"MzI0qDCyNAcA\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"blogDocOrientation\" value=\"K8gvKilKzCwBAA==\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"blogDocStyle\" value=\"AwA=\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"blogDocFilename\" value=\"AwA=\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"postId_0\" value=\"MzQzMzQ1MQEA\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"postTitle_0\" value=\"FYwxDoMwEAS\/siUUliJClS4dRcp84LDP4STjQ77z\/2Oa0Y60mo2p+BGpcSAzjULOCVIzRxetBqoJ3Riax3Q5JTbdhYqNE4rWX3BuJ+4CMkUp4sKGaXt\/vjDvadj8wq1hReNLmxuuvhexg9O0PJZnGFjnPw==\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"postLink_0\" value=\"PYxRCsMwDENPpGZ0\/dptnMRdDGkcYodef2Gw\/YgnJF5x7\/YK4b7vramptFO3yOHHFgpT9ZJoMMhMk5Bzxto4uWgzUMuYxtBzocslaWgUqrZOqNrecB4XvoaTklRxYUNZWpjP\/C8HBncdbugzVrHCeX\/sT6w4wgc=\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"postAuthor_0\" value=\"8wkCAA==\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"postDateTime_0\" value=\"MzIwMtU1sNQ1MlEwMLcysLQyNQUA\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"postContent_0\" value=\"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\" \/><\/form> \t<div class=\"pdf24Plugin-cp-link\"> \t\t<a href=\"#\" onclick=\"var pdf24Win = window.open('about:blank', 'pdf24PopWin', 'resizable=yes,scrollbars=yes,width=600,height=250,left='+(screen.width\/2-300)+',top='+(screen.height\/3-125)+''); pdf24Win.focus(); document.pdf24Form0.submit(); if(typeof pdf24OnCreatePDF === 'function'){void(pdf24OnCreatePDF(this,pdf24Win));} return false;\">Download article as PDF<\/a> \t<\/div> <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 Belgium : National report 2023-2024 (in Dutch or French) Abstract La quatri\u00e8me \u00e9tude de pr\u00e9valence ponctuelle dans les institutions de long s\u00e9jour (HALT-4), men\u00e9e en 2023-2024 en Belgique, s\u2019inscrivait dans un projet europ\u00e9en coordonn\u00e9 par Sciensano en collaboration avec le centre europ\u00e9en de pr\u00e9vention et de contr\u00f4le des maladies (ECDC). L\u2019objectif principal de cette [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":171358,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[116],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1661544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-116"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1661544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1661544"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1661544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1664595,"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1661544\/revisions\/1664595"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/171358"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1661544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1661544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nosoinfo.be\/nosoinfos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1661544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}